A high efficiency, but with a suitable feed in chickens kept in suitable environmental conditions expected in poultry. The environmental conditions in poultry, poultry air environmental (temperature, humidity, air movement) and chemical (composition of air, carbon dioxide and ammonia) is understood factors.
Poultry in order to provide the expected benefits to be made in accordance with their technique and construction of poultry houses two important points must be kept in mind. The first of these in order to ensure maximum efficiency, growing conditions and hygienic optimization op-timal, the other element of cost-effective in terms of being cheap and healthy poultry houses are achieved.
That is why the modern chicken coops meet the requirements of cultivation, mainly bear the following attributes:
1. The insides must be dry, sunny and bright,
2. There should exterminates stinks harmful moisture and animal health,
3. Easily ventilated,
4. Bit parasites such as fleas and bedbugs, reproduction and shelter for a variety of microbes should not be convenient,
5. Number of animals should be put into the appropriate size,
6. As little as possible having to from the heat outside into the cold
7. Need of minimum level of labor-down,
8. Compared to other livestock farming must conform to changing market conditions,
9. Ought to be protected against fire as much as possible,
10. The building is reduced to minimize the cost.
The business to be successful, the best way to combine the above factors are also useful.
The importance of environmental conditions in the construction of poultry houses is great. In this regard, a good regional conditions are studied and well agreed before the type of poultry.
1. Poultry operation to be considered improper site selection;
1. Place to install the chicken farm, city, town or vendor should be close.
2. Cages, ground water is not high, gravelly, sandy or loamy soils should be done on the water retention properties of the high, clay soils should be avoided.
3. The establishment of coops are not cold and exposed to harsh winds, to take the front of the sun from the south or south - east facing is often desirable to have.
4. Other coops should be considered while determining the distance place of Poultry.
5. Cages road, water and electricity should be close.
Chickens have very diverse effects on environmental conditions. Taking care of them, feed and climatic factors is of great importance in growing chickens. The most important of the chicken production in terms of climatic factors, temperature, humidity, airflow and air cleansing.
Temperature: The optimum temperature limits for animals to live "comfort zone - comfort zone" is called. In this region, a constant balance between the amounts of heat are generated and discarded. The temperature is above or below the optimum efficiency limits the negative effect. The optimum temperature in the range of animal feed consumption for at least the highest yield is obtained.
Relative Humidity: Coops have a variety of relative humidity is too high or too low may result in damage. Chicken coops enlargement optimum relative humidity of 55% - 70% of eggs, chicken coops% in the 60-70 should be between.
Dusting the air makes poultry very dry, as a result, become irritated windpipe and respiratory diseases in chickens is also increased. Humid weather conditions, an increase in feed intake by dry weather conditions have been identified.
Air Velocity: Set of natural air flow between indoor and outdoor air temperature, relative height difference between inlet and outlet ports, the state of wind, mechanical ventilation, and air inlet holes in the area of capacity of the fan headed. Poultry chickens in the air velocity should not be exceeded certain limits to avoid adverse effects. Temperature and humidity values in the title of this poultry.
Air velocity at different temperatures should be as follows:
| Temperature(°C) | Airspeed(m/s) | 0 | 0.15 | 5 | 0.28 | 10 | 0.56 | 15 | 0,91 | 20 | 1.15 | 25 | 1.46 | 30 | 2.16 |
Flocks Required Air Quantity: inside coops heat, humidity and ventilation should be sufficient to escape from the polluted air. From the ceiling or roof air uptake, starting from the base or near the base set according to the weather traction flue cools more quickly.
The amount of air required for a chick coops must be 0.83 m-V hour. This value can vary between l kg body weight 3.6-4 m3.
Chicken coops need to be changed for each kg of live weight 0.48-1.4 mVh as a minimum for the amount of air in winter, in summer m3/hour 6.3 -1.
Lighting: Set the desired health requirements must be sufficient to ensure and increase production. A set of floor area ratio of window area required to ensure adequate lighting should be between 1/15-1/20.
Carbon dioxide and ammonia: Poultry on the quality of air, carbon dioxide (CO2) and ammonia (NH3) in the rate of significant effect. Chicken coop of oxygen in the air continuously decreases, the rate of carbon dioxide increases. Litter and manure for the ammonia gas in poorly ventilated chicken coops can be harmful.
Rate of 0.003% NH3 's should not exceed. This rate is 0.005%, and respiratory tract irritation of the eyes of chicks is . The ratio of C02 0.3-0.35% 's on the need to avoid.
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